Safety is built into every level of AVS™. The function of every critical software system is constantly monitored for erroneous operation, a detection of which leads to an instantaneous, hardware-initiated stop. When a non-critical error can be safely overcome, the system alerts the user to the situation and continues its tasks seamlessly. An optional obstacle detection system can be added to the AVS™ to provide the unit with sufficient situational awareness to prevent collisions with many track hazards. At any time, the vehicle may be brought to an immediate stop by its radio emergency stop system, which uses redundant channels to ensure safe operation at a range of up to 3 km.